Showing posts with label 语言. Show all posts
Showing posts with label 语言. Show all posts

Wednesday, January 17, 2007

Lethal Cap and "teach-back" method

今天看到外科教育的"show-me",一时无法理解,就搜了下,找到一个病例,如下:
A 9-month-old child was seen by her pediatrician for a fever and decreased appetite. She was found to have otitis media and was prescribed amoxicillin. The doctor gave the first dose to the infant in the office, demonstrating step-by-step how to deliver the medicine via syringe.

At home, the father drew up the next dose without removing the syringe cap. He gave the dose to the child who suddenly had difficulty breathing and collapsed. When emergency medical services (EMS) arrived, the child was intubated and transported to a children's hospital. Despite intubation, she could not be adequately ventilated. The tube was removed and intubation was tried again, still without improvement. The infant was then taken to the operating room to undergo bronchoscopy. The syringe cap was found lodged in her trachea. Evaluation in the subsequent days revealed brain death. The infant was removed from life support and died shortly thereafter.

这是一个悲剧,涉及一处方法:"teach-back" method (also known as the "show-me" approach or "closing the loop" )


otitis:[әu'taitis]n. 耳炎
amoxicillin:阿莫西林;羟氨苄青霉素
syringe:['sirindʒ]n. 注射器
intubation:n. 插管

Thursday, October 12, 2006

每日语言学习

practical-minded: 务实

A stitch in time saves nine.
——Charles Read
一针不缝九针难补,及时处理事半功倍。
——里德

白饭青刍 [bái fàn qīng chú][出自:无 ]

解释: 白饭供客,青草喂马。比喻主人招待周到。

机(つくえ)0 [名]桌子,书桌

请注意不要被它的汉字所迷惑,汉字是“机”而意思是地地道道的“desk”

Saturday, September 30, 2006

每日语言学习

The most important lesson you can learn from winning is that you can.
――Dave Weinbaum
从获胜中能得到的最重要的一点是你能获胜。
――戴夫・温鲍姆

白发青衫 [bái fà qīng shān ][出自:宋・赵令畤《侯鲭录》第七卷:"……作诗曰:'白发青衫晚得官,琼林顿觉酒肠宽,平康夜过无人问,留得宫花醒后看。'" ]

解释: 青衫:无功名者的服饰。谓年老而功名未就。

Friday, September 29, 2006

每日语言学习

The most important lesson you can learn from winning is that you can.
――Dave Weinbaum
从获胜中能得到的最重要的一点是你能获胜。
――戴夫・温鲍姆

白发红颜 [bái fà hóng yán ][出自:宋・佚名《宣和画谱・道释四》:"(徐知常)旧尝有痼疾,遇异人得修炼之术,却药谢医,以至引年,白发红颜,真有所得。" ]

解释: 头发斑白而脸色红润。形容老年人容光焕发的样子。

新聞(しんぶん)① 报纸
注意它的汉字写作新闻,但实际上是报纸的意思哦.

先生(せんせい)③ 老师,师傅,兄长
注意这个词与汉语[先生]完全不是一码事,千万不要管日本男人都叫せんせい,只有作家,老师,医生以及一些受尊敬的职业才能叫做せんせい.

Thursday, September 28, 2006

国家地理 翻译

 "Decked like dowagers at a garden party, Châteux-d'Oex(地名) milkers return in fall from mountain pastures. The annual descent, known as désalpe(节日名) in the French-speaking canton of Vaud(地名), becomes Alpabfahrt(节日名) in German-speaking Bern(地名)."
 Désalpe is celebrated with festivals in late September or early October throughout many Alpine villages.
我的翻译:
在代堡的秋天,乳牛们装饰得像参加游园会的贵妇人一样,从山上的牧地返回(村庄)。这个一年一度庆典,在说法语的沃州叫狄塞尔普节,到了说德语的伯尔尼,就改叫Alpabfahrt节了。在阿尔卑斯山的许多村庄,狄塞尔普节常与九月底或十月初的庆典一起进行。
注:
milker又有乳牛的意思,将牛群从高山上驱赶回乡村原本是désalpe的一项庆典活动,现在在伯尔尼则演变成结合乡村农场的丰收庆典活动。
Alpine festival:阿尔卑斯山的夏日庆典,用以感谢上帝。
Châteux-d'Oex以Cheese和热气球节闻名世界。
garden party:意为游园会。
dowager:A widow who holds a title or property derived from her deceased husband.
canton:州, 行政区(尤指瑞士的州,法国的区)

每日语言学习

Every person has two educations, one which he receives from others, and one, more important, which he gives himself.
――E Gibbon
每个人都接受两种教育, 一种来自别人,另一种更重要的来自自己。
――吉朋

白丁俗客 [ bái dīng sú kè][出自:明・无名氏《庞掠四郡》一折:"往来无白丁俗客,谈笑有上士高宾》" ]

解释: 白丁:没有功名的平民。泛指粗俗之辈。

Wednesday, September 27, 2006

每日语言学习

Education is the ability to listen to almost anything without losing your temper or self-confidence.
――Robert Frost
教育就是要使人具备一种能力, 可以听到任何话都不动怒或丧失自信。
――罗伯特・弗罗斯特

把臂入林 [ bǎ bì rù lín][出自:南朝宋・刘义庆《世说新语・赏誉》:"谢公(安)道:豫章(谢鲲)若遇七贤必自把臂入林。" ]

解释: 互挽手臂,表示亲热。旧指相偕归隐。

Tuesday, September 26, 2006

每日语言学习

Genius is formed in quiet, character in the stream of life.
――Goethe
平静中产生天才,生活激流中创造个性。
――歌德

跋前踬后 [bá qián zhì hòu][出自: 《诗经・豳风・狼跋》:"狼跋其胡,载�F其尾。"唐・韩愈《昌黎集・卷十二・近学解》:"然而公不见信于人,私不见助于友。跋前踬后,动辄得咎"。无事之时,望影藏匿,~,日不聊生。(清・纪昀《阅微草堂笔记・滦阳续录》) ]

解释: 跋:踩;踬:被绊倒。本指狼向前进就踩住了自己的颈肉,向后退又会被自己的尾巴绊倒。比喻进退两难。

几家英语学习的Podcast网站[zz]

要提高你的英语水平,听Podcast是一种很便捷、低成本的方式。
已经有不少英语学习的Podcast网站了:

  • 播客凯恩的EnglishPod
  • ESLPod :顾名思义,这是一家针对英语为非母语人士的英语学习网站,播客是洛杉矶一位大学教授Dr. Jeff McQuillan。读音清晰、语速不快,容易听懂。
  • English Through Stories :听故事学英语。播客也是Jeff McQuillan教授。
  • TOEFLPod :针对托福应试的英语学习网站。播客也是Jeff McQuillan教授。
  • BBC learning English :世界著名语言学家David Crystal教授做的关于英语新词的节目。虽然没有RSS,但是可以下载文字。BBC的东西,精品。
  • The Word Nerds :一家很专业的关注语言、词汇的Podcast网站。适合英语水平较高的听众。
  • English Teacher John Show Podcast :适合中级英语水平听众。
  • The Daily Idiom :介绍英语俚语、惯用语的英语学习网站。
  • Accent Training :如果你已经具有较高英语水平,但语音语调有问题,想纠正你的口音,这是一家你要找的网站。
  • Flo-Joe :英国一家针对 Cambridge First Certificate in English (FCE), Certificate in Advanced English (CAE) 以及 Certificate of Proficiency in English (CPE)应试的网站。英国口音。
  • Brainbubbles :通过提问的方式教你英语。
美国有不少大学已经把教授的讲座制作成Podcast了,要听这些讲座,这里是一份列表: List of Academic Lecture Podcasts
此外,还有
还有吗?
更新一:
还有Podictionary: 一日一词,一词两分钟。
更新二:
还有Today's Podcast:一日一词
更新三:
还有Just Vocabulary:扩大词汇量

Monday, September 25, 2006

每日语言学习

Absence to love is what wind is to fire. It extinguishes the small; it inflames the great.
-Roger de Bussy-Rabutin, French writer
离别之于爱情好比风之于火,它能将小火熄灭,使大火熊熊燃烧。
-法国作家 比西――拉比旦.R.

跋扈自恣 [bá hù zì zì][出自:《明史・朵颜传》:"于是长昂益跋扈自恣,东勾土蛮,西结婚白洪大,以扰诸边。"缘道设关隘,垄断公私。涡河、浍、颖之间,~。(《清史稿・袁甲三传》) ]

解释: 形容为所欲为,无所忌惮。

Friday, September 22, 2006

每日语言学习

Joys are our wings, sorrows are our spurs.
――Richter
欢乐是我们的双翼, 悲痛是我们的动力。
――里克特

拔犀擢象 [bá xī zhuó xiàng][出自: 宋・王洋《与丞相论郑武子状》:"敕局数人,其间固有拔犀擢象见称一时者,然而析理精微,旁通注意,鲜如克(郑武子)。"既然要人任人唯亲,又怎能做到~呢? ]

解释: 擢:提升。比喻提拔才能出众的人。

Thursday, September 21, 2006

每日语言学习

Always bear in mind that: your own resolution to succeed is more important than any one thing.
――Abraham Lincoln
永远记住:你自己的取得成功的决心比什么都重要。
――林肯

拔丁抽楔 [bá dīng chōu xiē][出自:元・无名氏《度柳翠》第四折:"大众恐有不能了达,心生疑惑者,请垂下问,我与他拔丁抽楔。" ]

解释: 拔出钉子,抽掉楔子。比喻解除困难。

Wednesday, September 20, 2006

医学英语的成分来源

医学英语在发展过程中受到多种语言的影响,其成分来源主要有:

  1. Anglo-Saxon:公元449年后,先后有三支日尔曼部落Angles,Saxon,Jutes入侵并定居于不列颠,医学英语中人体体区的名称主要来源于此,如hand,foot,arm,eye,ear,chin,heart,bone等等,这些词汇至今应用频率很高。
  2. Greek:主要是大部分的医学复合词汇,如dyspepsia,pharyngeal等。
  3. Latin:很多医学术语来源于此,如mammal,pectoralis,abdominal等,1895年,国际公认拉丁语为世界医药界国际用语,正规的处方或药名应该用拉丁语书写。
  4. French:对公共英语及医学英语的影响不如Greek及Latin,位居第三,如bruit,chancre,massage等。
  5. Italian:如belladonna,influenza,malaria,petechia,pellagra,quarantine
  6. Spaish:如mosquito,quinine等。

常用医学英语词汇及其拉丁、希腊源词根

常用医学英语词汇及其拉丁、希腊源词根

词汇

英语

拉丁词根

希腊词根

体

body

corporo-

somato-

-some

头

head

capito-

cephalo-

心

heart

cor

cardio-

手

hand

mano-

cheiro-

手指

finger

digito-

dactylo-

血管

vessel

vaso-

angio-

静脉

vein

veno-

phlebo-

胸

chest

pecto-

thoraco-

腹

belly

obdomino-

ventro-

每日语言学习

Laziness is like a lock, which bolts you out of the storehouse of information and makes you an intellectual starveling.
――Bernard Shaw
懒惰就象一把锁,锁住了知识的仓库,使你的智力变得匮乏。
――萧伯纳

拔本塞原 [bá běn sè yuán][出自:《左传・昭公九年》:"伯父若裂冠毁冕,拔本塞原,专弃谋主,虽戎狄其何有余一人。"这也是个好办法,而且简单易行,不过还不是~之计。(郭沫若《郑成功》第五章) ]

解释: 本:根本,根源。拔起树根,塞住水源。比喻防患除害要从根本上打主意。

Tuesday, September 19, 2006

每日语言学习

Life is not long, and too much of it must not pass in idle deliberation on how it shall be spent.
――Samuel Johnson
人生不长,切不可花费太多的时间去考虑应该怎样度过这一辈子。
――塞缪尔・约翰逊

巴三览四 [bā sān lǎn sì][出自:元・萧德祥《杀狗劝夫》:"我说的丁一确二,你说的巴三览四。" ]

解释: 比喻说话拉扯,没有中心。

Saturday, September 16, 2006

每日语言学习

Health is certainly more valuable than money, because it is by health that money is procured.
健康当然比金钱更为重要,因为我们所赖以获得金钱的就是健康。
-Samuel Johnson(英国作家约翰逊)

八街九陌 [bā jiē jiǔ mò][出自:《三辅旧事》:"长安城中,八街九陌。" ]

解释: 形容城市的街道纵横,市面繁华。

Friday, September 15, 2006

每日语言学习

1、A contented mind is the greatest blessing a man can enjoy in this world.
知足是人生在世最大的幸事。
-Joseph Addison(美国作家艾迪生)
2、If you would know the value of money, go and try to borrow some.
要想知道钱的价值,就想办法去借钱试试。
-Benjamin Franklin(美国总统富兰克林)
3、If you wish to succeed, you should use persistence as your good friend, experience as your reference, prudence as your brother and hope as your sentry.
如果你希望成功,当以恒心为良友,以经验为参谋,以谨慎为兄弟,以希望为哨兵。
-Thomas Edison(美国发明家爱迪生)

八拜之交 [bā bài zhī jiāo][出自:宋・邵伯温《闻见后录》:"丰稷谒潞公,公着道出,语之曰:汝父吾客也,只八拜。稷不得已,只拜之。"今日在圣贤炉前成了~,有福同享,有马同骑。(清・李绿园《歧路灯》卷二十) ]

解释: 八拜:原指古代世交子弟谒见长辈的礼节;交:友谊。旧时朋友结为兄弟的关系。

Thursday, September 14, 2006

每日语言学习

There is no situation in life but has its advantages and pleasures provided we will but take it as a joke when we find it.
                  ――Washington Irving
人世间的任何境遇都有其优点和乐趣,只要我们愿意接受现实。
                   ――华盛顿・欧文

傲睨万物 [ào nì wàn wù][出自:宋・黄庭坚《豫章文集・卷二十六・跋俞秀老清老诗颂》:"清老往与余共学于涟水,其傲睨万物,滑稽以玩世,白首不哀"。……益自尊大,宝自有而~。(鲁迅《文化偏至论》) ]

解释: 睨:斜视。斜着眼看一切事物。形容目空一切,什么都瞧不起。

Wednesday, September 13, 2006

一句翻译

加利福尼亚州要求2020年之前将工业温室气体减少25%,该里程碑式的协议很大程度上只是一种象征性的胜利,对气候的影响微乎其微。但是它能促使国家在全球变暖问题上的立场上发生重大变化-并且在未来几年内给本州带来竞争性优势。
我的翻译:
California's landmark deal to require a 25% cut in industrial greenhouse gases by 2020 is only a symbolic victory to a large extent and has little influence on the climate, but it can promote a significant change in nation's stand on global warming and bring competitive edge for our state in coming years.
原文:
California's landmark deal to require a 25 percent cut in industrial greenhouse gases by 2020 is a largely symbolic victory with only a tiny impact on climate. But it's one that could prompt significant change in the nation's stance on global warming - and give the state a competitive edge in future years.
今天好有成就感。